Sentence examples for engine and catalyst from inspiring English sources

In this paper, a first practical extension of the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) is proposed to include thermal dynamics (engine and catalyst temperatures) in the optimal design of an Energy Management System EMSS) for a parallel Hybrid-Electric light-duty Vehicle (HEV).

Driven by compulsory legislation, the reduction in PM emission is currently a technological challenge from both the engine and the catalyst points of view.

"In our judgment, 2001 and newer cars have more ethanol-tolerant fuel systems, evaporative emissions controls, internal engine components and catalysts," an E.P.A. spokeswoman, Cathy Milbourn, wrote in an e-mail.

Different profiles of desired engine-out raw HC and catalyst temperatures are used to analyze the coldstart control problem.

The task of the controller is to track a given set of desired profiles of engine-out hydrocarbon (HC) emissions and catalyst temperature using spark timing and fuel injection rate as the inputs.

Significant engineering improvements have been made in engine design, catalysts, and traps.

When the exhaust flows out of the engine and passes over and through the catalyst coating, a chemical reaction renders three toxic compounds harmless.

Prince began flying just as commercial aviation was taking off - World War II was a catalyst for jet engine and aircraft production, and the post-war era was a booming time for passenger flight as a result.

To decrease NOx emission, engine after-treatment devices, such as lean NOx traps (LNTs), urea-selective catalytic reduction, and the combination of EGR and catalyst have been applied.

Polymer-bound smart catalysts are useful in waste minimization, catalyst recovery, and catalyst reuse.

(500 mL) resin and catalyst mix.