And they have not figured out the role of state insurance regulators, who enforce hundreds of state laws mandating coverage of a myriad of items, including infertility treatments, prostate cancer screening and acupuncture.
"The border cannot be secured, law cannot be enforced and thousands of asylum applications cannot be processed," writes Spahn, who has become a regular on talk shows since the book appeared.
Together with a small group of political appointees, many with backgrounds, like his, in Oklahoma politics, and with advice from industry lobbyists, Mr. Pruitt has taken aim at an agency whose policies have been developed and enforced by thousands of the E.P.A.'s career scientists and policy experts, many of whom work in the same building.
Cleveland, like a growing number of Northerners (and nearly all white Southerners) saw Reconstruction as a failed experiment, and was reluctant to use federal power to enforce the 15th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which guaranteed voting rights to African Americans.
Sierra Leone is to enforce a three-day lockdown of key parts of the country to try to contain the Ebola epidemic.
The decision in Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett reflected a sharply narrowed view of Congress's power to enact legislation to enforce the 14th Amendment's guarantee of equal protection.
These penalties were impossible to enforce when tens of thousands of work ers quit their posts in the subways or other vital serv ices.
Already, a small team of deputies roams the human-trafficking routes to enforce a nine-month-old state law that makes smuggling people a felony and effectively authorizes local police forces to enforce immigration law.
That amendment, she says, provided a second level of consent by the people, after the consent of both houses of Congress, to a president's taking the nation into war, a level enforced by tens of thousands of personal decisions about whether to shoulder one's rifle, don one's kit and field cap, and muster strong.
