But it was hardly ever enforced, and it was not until the 1960s that the first in a series of ever more effective laws was enacted, coming initially from London and more recently from Brussels.
Colonial anti-sodomy laws did exist, Kennedy wrote in Lawrence, but they applied to everyone, not just to men; also, they were hardly ever enforced and "it was not until the 1970's that any State singled out same-sex relations for criminal prosecution, and only nine States have done so".
This trend was found irrespective of the clock model enforced, and it was particularly exacerbated in the case of the rate estimated for nd5 and the entire dataset, which tripled its value compared to non-partitioned data when three partitions where considered, without remarkable effects on the estimation of the ingroup age.
The relevant extract from the court transcript reads: Justice Arnold: "Well, if this order is enforced, and it's secret, how can you be hurt?
It's not clear how, when, or even if the Shanghai rule will be enforced, and it's not likely to mark a sea change.
The D.E.P., he added, "is supposed to be the environmental enforcer and it's the biggest environmental criminal in the watershed".
Its rules are enforced by the S.E.C., and it was given an independent funding source in the post-Enron accounting reforms.
However, "this is obviously difficult to verify and enforce, and it appears not to be satisfied in practice" (Blanchard and Landier, 2002, p. 230).
The Justice Department initially said the condition "cannot be constitutionally applied to U.S. organizations" and it was not enforced.
The federal courts overturned almost all provisions of the ballot measure as unconstitutional and it was never enforced, but it remains in on the books, according to Sen. Kevin De Leon (D-Los Angeles), the primary author of the repeal bill.
