Such energetic quantities for several polymers were compared with the macroscopic water wettability/non-wettability.
Based on energetic quantities and energy balance, the spirit ofStatistical Energy Analysis SEA) is conserved.
We show that such a definition has the advantage of initial and final states at equilibrium, connected by well-defined and measurable energetic quantities, which can also be calculated from first principles.
A formalism is developed for the treatment of general, vectorial transport phenomena of the energetic quantities of Brønsted in nonelectrolyte or electrolyte systems with or without temperature gradients, gravitational or electric fields, and with or without a membrane matrix present.
Moreover, the temperature-induced changes in the free energies Δ GO1→O2° and Δ GO3→O2° were always greater than the voltage-induced alterations of the same energetic quantities.
This approach is a systematic attempt to integrate into a unified coherent formalism both Cumulative Exergy Consumption and Thermo-economic methods, and constitutes a generalisation of both, in that its framework allows for a direct quantitative comparison of non-energetic quantities like labour and environmental impact (hence the apposition 'Extended'Extended
The method constitutes a substantial generalisation of Szargut's cumulative exergy consumption procedure, and provides a coherent and consistent framework for including non-energetic quantities like capital, labour and environmental impact into an engineering optimisation procedure (the apposition 'extended' refers to these enhanced capabilities).
These produce large quantities of energetic particles and solar wind disturbances, which travel through the interplanetary medium and affect the terrestrial environment.
Inspired by the well known robustness analysis framework used in Electronic Design Automation, we introduced a notion of robustness for proteins and two dimensionless quantities: the energetic yield and the energetic relative entropy.
Multiaxial fatigue analysis can be categorized into several viewpoints, i.e. empirical formulae, methods based on stress invariants, critical plane approaches, models using averages of stress quantities and energetic considerations.
