Slow arm elevations (<30°/s) are advantageous for joint mobility gain at low mechanical solicitation, whereas the intensity at 90°/s is high enough to stimulate muscular endurance improvements.
It is believed that the fatigue endurance limit improvement is mainly due to the residual compressive stress (RCS) filed and fatigue crack closure mechanisms.
These goals may include targeting specific joints or muscle groups, addressing specific deficits in strength and muscular endurance, promoting improvements in physical function (e.g. balance), or unloading pathological tissues and structures at risk of injury.
They included 15 trials aiming at least at improvements of endurance, strength and balance; improvement of flexibility was an optional aim.
In another study presented at the sports medicine meeting, Taiwanese researchers reported that eight weeks of treadmill jogging significantly improved college students' endurance, and the improvements were almost identical, whether the volunteers jogged for 30 minutes or for three 10-minute sessions on the same day.
Similarly, heart rate variability may be improved with endurance training suggesting an improvement in autonomic control (Seals and Chase 1989; Goldsmith et al. 1992; al-Ani et al. 1996), however, no study to date has examined the effects of interval exercise training upon autonomic cardiac modulations in young populations.
In summary, the analyzed literature suggests that the training of neuromuscular function and its combination with soccer-specific endurance results in improvements in non-specific (e.g., anthropometric characteristics, relative strength, and VO2 max) and soccer-specific endurance and neuromuscular parameters (e.g., YYIER, RSA, and sprint).
Wong et al. [20] observed that 8 weeks of pre-season high-intensity strength training and SE resulted in a significant improvement in endurance markers, soccer-specific endurance (SSE), and soccer-specific neuromuscular (SSN) parameters.
Our results show a marked improvement in endurance exercise performance in the PM/DM patients after 12 weeks endurance training, which is in agreement with our second hypothesis.
Therefore, exercise training in people with dust-related pleural and interstitial respiratory diseases yielded a similar improvement in endurance exercise capacity as those with COPD who demonstrated improvements in endurance cycle time of 198 (352) seconds following an exercise training programme [ 29].
