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However, we believe that the overall HCP immunogenicity score for individual CHO proteins may need to be adjusted for regional homology to human proteins, because immune responses to these homologous regions may be muted or absent due to endogenous tolerance.
Subsequent studies in animals such as the recently described ErbB2/HER2 transgenic mice (Piechocki et al, 2003) will help to further investigate the potential of liposomal ErbB2 vaccines to break endogenous tolerance against this antigen.
Chimeras may also be a consequence of the protection of non-transgenic cells by the surrounding transformed cells [ 10, 13] or of the ineffectiveness of selective agents in species with an endogenous tolerance [ 4].
He explained how difficult it is to observe the breach of endogenous tolerance in an animal model, because these models rely on aggressive and artificial self-antigen immunization and this does not allow us to assess the very early breach of immunotolerance.
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We discuss in particular remote ischaemic postconditioning whereby endogenous brain tolerance can be activated through hypoxia/reperfusion stimuli started immediately after the index hypoxic-ischaemic insult.
The objective of the present work was to investigate the effect of acute hypobaric hypoxia and the role of endogenous NO concerning cardiac tolerance to hypoxia/reoxygenation under β-adrenergic stimulation.
First, adenosine acts as an endogenous determinant of ischemic tolerance [25] and adenosinergic cardioprotection plays a key role in ischemic preconditioning.
These results show that the direct administration of adenoviral vectors encoding a xenogenic PrP into wt mice induces only a marginal specific immunity against endogenous mPrP, showing that tolerance remained virtually intact, and a moderate prolongation of survival.
In conclusion, our results show that DCs were very potent at breaking tolerance against endogenous mPrP and favor the production of high titered antibodies against its native conformation over T-cell responses resulting in substantial delay in disease progression without triggering autoimmune reactions.
FAEE production could potentially benefit from the endogenous ethanol production and tolerance of high ethanol concentrations of S. cerevisiae.
However, one of the major limitations for antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy is the pre-existing immune tolerance against endogenous targeted tumor antigens that frequently evolves during carcinogenesis.
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