Apart from the 30S subunit r-proteins, the endogenous affinity-tagged YhjD co-purified strongly with certain energy regeneration and membrane ABC Transporter pathway components (see Text S2) including an outer membrane (OM; LptD) and with two IM (LptB and MsbA) LPS transporters in the detergent extracts (Table S1).
The endogenous affinity-tagged RbbA also co-purified efficiently with several energy regeneration (e.g. AceE, FdoH and FruR) and membrane (e.g. LolB, Trg, MrcB, SecD, WcaM, LptD) components (Text S1) including YhjD, a putative IM protein of unknown function with 5 6 transmembrane helices that had tentatively been implicated in lipid A precursor IVA transport [11], [12] (Table S1).
We present the Arg160His mutation of Haemophilus influenzae carbonic anhydrase (HICA), which mimics the endogenous metal affinity of Escherichia coli carbonic anhydrase (ECCA).
In this report, we provide the first crude insight into the structural organization of the human dopamine transporter (hDAT) based on the identification of an endogenous high affinity Zn2+ binding site followed by engineering of an artificial Zn2+ binding site.
While native PKA-RI subunits could potentially act as endogenous high affinity soluble cAMP buffers, free regulatory subunits are rarely found in the living cell because their expression levels are tightly controlled in a 1∶1 ratio with those of PKA-C [27], [28].
Further, our data show that endogenous, high-affinity PPARα ligands could alter hPPARα hLXRα binding.
Among these, peptides are considered an attractive option, as they are not only capable of endogenous high-affinity interactions with mitochondria to initiate apoptosis but are also more readily delivered to the cells.
This led to the proposal that there are 2 active conformations of the β1-adrenoceptor: a primary high-affinity endogenous catecholamine site and a secondary low-affinity CGP 12177 site (1, 4).
Such changes were only seen with low-affinity, endogenous GR ligands, and not with the higher affinity synthetic ligands typically used to probe GR function in-vitro [29].
To explore potential endogenous protease/target proteins, affinity columns coupled with SiCYS, SiCYS-N and SiCYS-C were prepared, respectively.
Among the factors influencing apparent affinity, endogenous dopamine levels have been shown to affect [11C]FLB 457 binding [37], [38], [39].
