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In this form, the disease frequently reaches an end-stage condition called geographic atrophy (GA).
Particularly, because cardiomyocyte apoptosis and/or fibrosis is a more typical end-stage condition, it is more beneficial to alleviate these problems before the end-stage is reached.
As a home health nurse, I was especially frustrated with the Medicare and insurance company regulations, which did not allow for long-term monitoring of people with end-stage conditions or severe disabilities but only treatment of acute episodes.
Societies address health and developmental problems using a range of strategies, from the least intensive and most generic (universal prevention) through to the most costly, complex and limited (long-term care for end-stage conditions).
For CVD, the gradient in associations from hypertension to IHD to HF, provide an indicative health status of populations and the potential change in physical health across the CVD spectrum as populations go from a single cardiovascular disease (such as hypertension) to more complex end-stage conditions such as heart failure.
Parents proxy-reported cardiac conditions, diabetes, obesity, gastrointestinal conditions, end stage renal disease, asthma, rheumatologic conditions, cancer, psychiatric conditions, and cerebral palsy as having progressively more impaired overall HRQOL than healthy children, respectively, with medium to large effect sizes.
Mutations in the podocin gene (NPHS2) result in nephritic syndrome, in which protein appears in the urine; the end stage of this condition is renal failure [ 14].
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end stage renal disease, a condition characterized by abnormal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and serum creatinine (SCr) [ 1].
The terminal stage of this condition, end stage renal disease (ESRD), is a serious health outcome which carries high economic and social costs, requiring renal replacement therapy in the form of dialysis or transplantation in order to sustain life.
It is worth noting that osteoarthritis represents a degenerative stage which is usually the end stage of a diseased condition, while focal cartilage defects represent the pre-degenerative state at best.
Pediatric patients with diabetes, gastrointestinal conditions, cardiac conditions, asthma, obesity, end stage renal disease, psychiatric disorders, cancer, rheumatologic conditions, and cerebral palsy self-reported progressively more impaired overall HRQOL than healthy children, respectively, with medium to large effect sizes.
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