It is about 0.8 0.9 mm thick (in its present form) and has a flat bottom surface, as evidenced by the straight and clear-cut line on the right end of cross-section.
(a) middle part of cross-section, (b) the end of cross-section. Figure 7 indicates that most nanochannels were filled by Cu nanowires with a diameter of 120 nm.
A novel pressure transducer is investigated in this paper, which works on an anti-Bourdon tube (ABT) principle due to dual effect of differential expansion of the tube at various points and the end moment induced due to asymmetry of cross section.
To present the live moor frogs with the models, we attached a blue and a brown model 70 cm apart from each other on fishing rods (1.2 m long) that were connected to the two ends of the cross section of a T-shaped handle.
Although, on the end face, projection of cross-section of the journal varies from circle to ellipse along with the rotation between the journal and the bearing, the variation is small enough to be ignored.
What is more, three pieces of steel plates were pre-embedded in the concrete (the bidirectional steel bars in the end diaphragm were welded to the steel plate) on the two sides and the top of each end diaphragm to restrain longitudinal displacement (elongation and shortening) of the end cross section, which will be further stated in Sect.
Due to the occurrence of dissimilar materials and the abrupt change of cross-section, the stress distribution at plate ends becomes singular and is hence considerably complicated.
As shown in Fig. 1a, c, referring to the U-shaped thin-walled RC beam specimen designed by Krpan and Collins (1981a), large end diaphragms (solid blocks) with a thickness of 350 mm were provided to restrain the warping of the end cross sections.
Since the end zone of the cross sections of RW2 and TW2 included confined and unconfined concretes, the confined and unconfined concretes were separately considered as the section areas A lcc and A lc (see L1 element of Fig. 5b).
For the longitudinal element L1 in the end zones of the cross sections, the confined and unconfined concretes were considered (see Fig. 6b).
In addition, as the structure of the body is continuously changing from the tip of the head to the end of the tail, each cross section represents only a certain narrow region.
