President Kim lifted restrictions on travel and trade with the North to encourage liberalization there.
We wanted to prevent the Soviet Union and its followers from playing a moral equivalence game with the West and to encourage liberalization by drawing attention to dissidents like Andrei Sakharov, Natan Sharansky and those in the Soviet gulag — and the millions in China's laogai, or labor camps.
Yet the administration's initiatives to encourage political liberalization is not new.
On August 11, the People's Bank of China devalued the yuan in a move which Beijing said was to encourage market liberalization, and commentators said was an attempt to resuscitate the Asian country's faltering stock market and economy.
Another form of cross-border mobility encouraged by the liberalization of services provision emerged in the 1990s under the category of 'posted workers'.
In addition, the growth of large supermarkets in the region – itself encouraged through the liberalization of investment policies – is likely to have increased the incentives for manufacturers to export into the region, particularly for commodities with low trade barriers [ 47- 49].
In the literature on globalization, diet, obesity and chronic diseases, it is often assumed that trade liberalization encourages greater imports of "western" foods, thus changing food consumption patterns and, therefore, diets and health.
The liberalization of the economy has encouraged many international brands to open retail outlets in the city.
In application to the seed market, Pray and Ramaswami (2001) find that economic liberalization in India transformed the seed industry and encouraged private investment in crop research and breeding.
At the same time, liberalization and a move towards international plant IP protection standards encouraged private investment in wheat.
Afraid that economic liberalization would encourage dissent, Lenin accompanied it with intensified political repression.
