That has led Beijing to pour billions of dollars into strategic industries like clean energy and high-speed rail and to encourage imports of advanced machinery.
Jorge Giordani, the planning minister, said this money will be used to "encourage import-substitution, reduce dependence on oil and create new jobs".
They proposed amendments to encourage imports of lower-cost drugs from Canada and Europe, and to speed access to generic drugs by altering patent laws that protect brand-name medicines.
On the policy front, Atkin believes his research pertains to three types of programs: food aid, lowering tariffs to encourage imports, and new food-growing policies.
In practice, that means that export-oriented surplus economies like China, Japan and Germany should foster domestic demand and encourage imports, while debt-burdened deficit countries, like the United States, should trim their trade and budget deficits.
Yes it will hurt exports, and it will also encourage imports.
It may, however, ease capital control rules said to encourage imports.
If a rate were so high that cutting it would encourage imports such that revenue would be higher under the lower rate, that high rate was prohibitive.
Other than these factors, in around 1890, family businesses were started and promoted in India to encourage import substitution and attain economic freedom from the Britishers (Thurman and Nason, 2011).
The result: A stronger dollar with only a partially effective new tax regime would encourage imports (which would become cheaper in dollars) and discourage exports (which would become more costly to foreigners who are buying with less valuable Euros or yuan).
