Since the 1963 decision, Brennan has often emphasized in conversation that separation of church and state does not mean that the Constitution encourages hostility to religion.
With a soured economy encouraging hostility at worst and apathy at best toward illegal immigrants, the U visas are a bittersweet consolation prize.
The Brexit vote, which took place five months before Trump's election, was a harbinger and not an aberration, and has encouraged hostility toward perceived outsiders.
Wilentz notes that he presided over a period of corruption and favoritism, encouraging hostility toward government agencies and "a general disregard for oversight safeguards as among the evils of 'big government.' " In this, and in a notorious attempt to expand executive power outside the Constitution — the Iran-Contra affair — Reagan's Presidency presaged that of George W. Bush.
His friends also wonder whether it was Webb's temperament that led at least partially to his writing a Washingtonian magazine article in 1979 about women in combat called "Women Can't Fight" that some female midshipmen say encouraged hostility and sexual harassment.
Their attraction to laissez-faire economics and disdain for social justice have encouraged hostility to environmentalism.
Emperor Napoleon III had encouraged hostilities between Austria and Prussia on the assumption that both combatants would emerge from the struggle exhausted and that the Second Empire of France could then expand eastward against little resistance.
The Germans two months later charged that Mr. Churchill deliberately sank the " Athenia" to encourage American hostility to Germany.
At Tuesday's meeting, hosted by Lucas, Polly Neate, chief executive of the charity Women's Aid, will offer statistics backing the idea that the impact of lads' mags is to encourage sexual hostility and, ultimately, violence.
Studies have shown that the team's mascot may encourage racial hostility toward Native Americans.
Muslim groups have also argued that actions by the Bush administration, especially those singling out Muslim immigrants for investigation and detention, have encouraged public hostility toward Islam.
