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One scenario that could be envisioned is that upon encountering DNA damage, the hexameric MtbMfd is available for immediate recruitment to the stalled transcription complex.
Normal human cells arrest either in G1 or S phase of the cell cycle after encountering DNA damage to repair the DNA, thereby preventing accumulation of mutations in the genome of daughter cells.
Published: November 8 , 2012Replication forks slow down when encountering DNA secondary structures, DNA lesions, and DNA-bound proteins (Mirkin and Mirkin, 2007).
When replication fork progression is inhibited, for example as a consequence of reduced dNTP supply or due to forks encountering DNA damage, some origins which otherwise would have remained dormant are activated.
Upon encountering DNA damage, proteins involved in halting the cell cycle (e.g. TIPIN) and in resetting the replication fork (e.g. SMARCAL1) are required prior to recruitment of DNA repair proteins (e.g. UNG2, XPA, RPA52) to mend the damaged DNA.
Upon encountering DNA strand breaks, PARP catalyzes the cleavage of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) into nicotinamide and ADP-ribose and then uses the latter to synthesize polymers of ADP-ribose in DNA repair [ 6].
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When an elongating RNA polymerase encounters DNA damage on the template strand of a transcribed gene it can either be arrested by or be transcribed through the lesion.
We encountered DNA samples which showed a positive product using a long PCR-based method for the detection of CYP2D6*5, indicating deletion of the entire CYP2D6 gene, but the samples did not show a band related to CYP2D6*5 in either XbaI- or EcoRI-RFLP analysis.
When proliferating cells encounter DNA damage, they must pause cell cycle progression in order to allow repair of the lesion(s), if possible [21].
When DNA-PK encounters DNA lesions such as DNA double strand break (DSB) damage by ionizing radiation, Ku70/80 binds with high affinity to DNA ends independent of their end sequence or structure [1], [2], [3].
Forks can stall if they encounter DNA damage.
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