Through collective action encompassing efforts like these, Ms. Veneman concluded, "female genital cutting and other harmful practices that subjugate young girls must be consigned to history".
More recently, academic centers joined forces to form the International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) encompassing efforts by the Knockout Mouse Project, European Conditional Mouse Mutagenesis Program, North American Conditional Mouse Mutagenesis Program and the Texas A&MInstitute of Genomic Medicine 2 6.
It also encompasses efforts in technology for microfinance, including an open-source software initiative designed to accelerate the growth of microfinance institutions (Mifos) and efforts to enable the poor to transfer funds using mobile phones.
He said that definitions of hedge funds and private equity funds needed to be both "carefully specified" to regulators but also be "broad enough to encompass efforts sure to come to circumvent the intent of the law".
The way this works, Mr. Rau said, is that companies like Climate Wedge invest in projects in developing countries that offset emissions from European countries participating in carbon trading (such projects would encompass efforts to capture methane gas emitted from landfills, for example).
Software performance engineering (SPE) encompasses efforts to describe and improve performance of systems at the early stages of development of the system.
It also needs to be broad enough to encompass efforts sure to come to circumvent the intent of the law.
IT solutions are part of a larger knowledge management approach that encompasses efforts directed at "resource-poor settings", data standardization, aggregation and international cooperation in knowledge-sharing.
Mr. Bezos has also been a deft salesman for Amazon's vision, which is far more expansive than that of most retailers, encompassing big efforts like Amazon Web Services, a cloud-computing service through which a sizable number of Internet companies run their businesses.
Finally, a dual-pronged approach encompassing educational efforts coupled with federal legislation and enforcement should be adopted for certain public health issues, such as mandatory seat belt use for rear seat passengers, child safety restraints, and maximum working hours for professional drivers, to reduce the mortality attributable to traffic-related deaths.
American diplomats, businessmen and policy analysts have been trying to convince India, the subcontinent's economic power, that the president's visit is fundamentally about building a broader, deeper relationship -- one that will encompass cooperative efforts in trade, science and technology, the environment and health, among others.
