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Chondrocytes in articular cartilage are surrounded by a narrow pericellular matrix (PCM), which together with the enclosed cell(s) are termed the "chondron".
The PCM, together with its enclosed cell, is defined as the chondron and is considered to be the smallest metabolic and functional unit of articular cartilage [32].
In particular, it is known that the PCM surrounding the chondrocyte organizes and constructs collagen fibrils [32], regulates cellular osmolarity [33], [34], and modulates growth factor interactions with the enclosed cell [35].
The pericellular matrix (PCM) is a narrow tissue region surrounding chondrocytes in articular cartilage, which together with the enclosed cell(s) has been termed the "chondron" [ 8].
Because brood lack the physical protection of an enclosed cell, they are highly vulnerable to predation in the absence of an adult guard.
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We confirmed that the cell-enclosing process scarcely influenced the viability of the enclosed cells.
The membrane isolates the enclosed cells from the host immune system, preventing the recognition of the immobilization cells as foreign.
The biomimetic capsules provide cell adhesion for the enclosed cells, potentially also leading to mechanical stabilization of the cell-polymer system.
Paintings from the forties presage the stacked totemic assemblages of the fifties, which segue to phallic carved marbles, tuberous bronzes, enclosed "Cells," and stitched-fabric objects.
Thus, it may be possible to surface modify cell containing microcapsules, at least under limited conditions, in order to improve their biocompatibility without compromising the viability of the enclosed cells.
Inverted optical microscopes are in particular suitable for time-course cell imaging as the cells can be cultured in dedicated enclosed cell-chambers that allow efficient collection of the Raman scattered light while maintaining the cells in culture media and avoiding bacterial contamination.
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