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A value of 0.5 was added to each spectral count value before log2 transformation to enable ratio values to be calculated for proteins identified in one cell line but not another (Mcdonald, 2009).
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When the dependent variable was dichotomous and had empty cells, 0.5 was added to all frequencies in the study to enable odds ratio calculation (cf. Deeks & Higgins, 2010).
The paper addresses whether or not equal sub-division and re-distribution of the total load on a beam as a series of discrete loads enables load ratios (target ratios), similar to those between uniformly loaded and mid-span point loaded simply supported and clamped beams, to be achieved, assuming either equal deflection or strength limits.
Thomson's experiments enabled that ratio to be measured.
The first is an electronic system which enables depolarization ratio to be registered directly.
Importantly, filtering by P-value enabled the ratio of query's MeSH terms contained in the top ranked dataset to be increased more efficiently, indicating that our implemented P-value score is available to promote more effective exploration.
The two bacterial strains were then diluted to achieve a concentration enabling a ratio of 10 bacteria to 1 MAC-T cell in the infection medium and then heat inactivated at 63°C for 30 minutes to prevent overgrowth during the period of cell challenge.
These systems, along with a stouter-than-stock rear gear ratio, enable zero-to-60 times in the low-5-second range, Chrysler said.
The stable resistive switching behavior and long retention times with an acceptable resistance ratio enable the device for its application in future nonvolatile resistive random access memory (RRAM).
Graphs of wine sales and inventory data, mark-up and inventory turnover ratio enable the restaurant manager to analyse, improve and monitor the wine list, wine inventory and wine supplier performance.
This bridge-shaped carbon nanowire geometry and the tensional stress, that is not significant but grows along the nanowire thickness, enhanced the structural robustness of the nanowire and could enable high aspect ratio (approximately 450) suspended carbon nanowires to resist stiction to the substrate even when they were wet processed with very small gaps between the nanowires and the substrate.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com