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BmOr1 expressed in the empty neurons of Drosophila ab3 sensilla is activated by the silkworm sex pheromone bombykol.
However, these ORs preferably show inhibitory responses in empty neurons [ 51], indicating either that they mediate actual inhibitory responses or that they function in a different way.
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The original hypothesis of a deficiency of central 5-HT neurotransmission (empty neuron) as a biological marker of migraine subjects, with consequent 5-HT receptoral hypersensitivity [3, 4] is today discussed.
The study of headache in chronic cocaine users (CCU) is of interest also from a pathophysiological point of view, given that chronic cocaine use causes decreased dopamine and serotonin synaptic levels, a typical migraine biochemical feature ("empty neuron" condition) [5, 6].
Here, the "empty neuron system" is a less desirable alternative.
This prompted us to test Or42a expressed in the "empty neuron system" [18].
First, Or42a-expressing "empty neuron" does not match the sensitivity of the endogenous ORN sensitive to insect repellents.
We performed single unit recordings from the "empty neuron" system of Or42a-expressing fruit fly (Fig. 8).
In the "empty neuron" the sensitivity was enhanced by co-expression of the silkworm pheromone-binding protein BmorPBP1 [33].
There are a number of applications in reverse chemical ecology for which the "empty neuron system" is an invaluable surrogate.
Again, Or42a expressed in the empty neuron gave 2.5x lower response to ethyl butyrate than previously observed [28].
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