Plasma was collected at a 10 week time point following Adeno-Cre (cancer cases n = 5) or Adeno-empty injection (controls n = 5).
All binding curves were normalized with a blank flow cell and a control curve of the empty analyte injection.
In this second trial we compared the effect of s.c. PBS injections, injections of empty PLG-particles and injections of PLG-particles loaded with an irrelevant antigen (BSA) on the effect of intravesical PstS1 treatment.
(B) Graph represents the frequency of phagocytic cells as a percentage of the respective subset after intravenous injection (empty bars) or airway inhalation (full bars).
Lung SCC cells stably transfected with pEGFP-DDR2 WT, pEGFP-DDR2-S131C or empty vector were injection into nude mice to study the effect of DDR2 and its' mutation on tumorigenesis in vivo.
In contrast, i.v. injections of empty PEG-liposomes every five days, or minocycline i.p. injections every five days had no detectable effect on the clinical course of EAE (Fig. 2B, Table 1).
Furthermore, controlled release of VEGF from degradable microgels promoted increased vascularization compared to empty microgels or bolus injection of VEGF.
For each bacterium, we determined the status of effector-depletion from the bacterial cytosol ("full" = ongoing/little/no injection vs. "empty" = advanced/completed injection, see Fig. 2A,C) and the time between host cell docking and fixation ( = "injection time", see Fig. 2B).
There was no significant difference with regard to the number of CD11b+ macrophages, CD3+ T lymphocytes, and the expression of MMP-9 in the CNS between animals that had received no treatment, daily i.p. PBS injection, and empty PEG-liposomes administered i.v. every five days (data not shown).
Such volumes can be accommodated in liners with a frit or even in empty (baffled) liners when injection speed is carefully adjusted.
The anti-tumor effect of PstS1 was already evident after intravesical instillation of PstS1 only but was further enhanced after s.c. injection of empty L-particles (Fig. 5).
