"I can actually see us getting a break from the whole 'security state' atmosphere and witnessing a shift away from the sort of empty populist discourse of the last government toward something with more of a stress on reason and morality," he says.
Since the validity of formulas like $\forall x \ Px \rightarrow \exists x Px$ or $\exists x (Px \rightarrow Px)$ is largely a byproduct of what may strike one as an ad hoc stipulation, one may be motivated to expand the range of model-theoretic interpretations in order to allow for a model with an empty domain of discourse.
They would rather use empty and hypocritical discourse, such as their claims that we set a poor example for children.
A structure for the language of equality consists simply of a non-empty universe of discourse; there are no relations or functions or distinguished elements.
"This country is so saturated with contaminated, corrupted political discourse, with empty pamphleteering, that I wanted to explore other areas," Ms. Sánchez, 35, said last month in a telephone interview from Havana, interrupted several times when the connection broke down.
Essentially the same sort of objection is pressed by Richard (2000), Stanley (2001) and Kroon (2004) against Mark Crimmins' (1998) fictionalism about propositional attitude talk and discourse involving empty names.
There is empty, foolish and shallow discourse on one side, and extreme-right rhetoric on the other.
They validate many of the same inferences (e.g., 'there is an F&G, therefore, there is an F and there is a G') and, within discourses lacking empty singular terms, they validate all of the same inferences.
(We can ignore the unhelpful 'Something exists' which is allowed by standard first order logic purely for convenience as few would need to apply logic to discourse about an empty universe for which in any case there are separate rules for determining validity or otherwise).
The era of market triumphalism has coincided with a time when public discourse has been largely empty of moral and spiritual substance.
