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ALP activity was significantly higher in samples with MSC versus empty controls (p<0.001).
Unfilled defects of the same size on the contralateral sides of the mandibles served as empty controls.
Host cells which had migrated throughout the scaffold were capable of producing new bone tissue, in contrast to fibrous tissue formation within empty controls.
The worst results were seen in the empty controls, while the best results were achieved with the MACI and ADTT treatment.
The applicability and repair response of five different treatment methods and two different empty controls were tested in one defect per knee.
Furthermore, when implanted into critically-sized femoral defects, full bridging was observed in half of the defects treated with HT scaffolds, while no evidence of such bridging was found in empty controls.
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In an empty control room, boxy PCs sat on workstations against a wall.
After 3 weeks, the defects treated with α-CSH/ACP (60/40) showed more new bone formation (21.1%) than the empty control (13.6%) (p < 0.05).
In a rabbit defect model, the groups treated with PLCL scaffolds exhibited significantly enhanced cartilage regeneration compared to groups harboring an empty control or PLGA scaffolds.
After 52 weeks, all but one empty control defect were covered by bone and a very thin layer of cartilage (ICRS 7 points).
Accordingly, 293 cells were transfected with CEACAM1 or the empty control vector (pcDNA).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com