Glass bead method was employed for transformation of C. reinhardtii nuclear genome with pSL18-YHV.
Particle bombardment was employed for transformation, and expression of Shble under the control of TUB and UEP promoters, cloned from N. salina, was used to confer resistance to Zeocin antibiotics, resulting in 5.9 and 4.7 transformants per 108 cells, respectively.
Enzymatic chain-end depolymerization is commonly employed for the transformation of biomass into important products.
A. tumefaciens was grown at 25 28°C in LB medium added with 25 μg/mL kanamycin and employed for the transformation of A. thaliana.
The laccase of T. versicolor was employed for the transformation of DCF, FA and BPA and combinations of the substances were also tested.
Further, the level of resistance to antibiotic (2 mg/ml) revealed by different transformants amply testify the integration of 4-7 cofieSAM2 SAM2 gene as these two genes are linked in the recombinant plasmid employed for genetic transformation.
Methods based on biocatalysts can further broaden their applicability and meet criteria of sustainability if efficiently employed for the transformation of cheaply available agro-food wastes and surplus, such as starch, molasses, cheap proteins, and lipids.
Excel (Microsoft, USA) was employed for storage, transformation, compilation, and edition of data sets and for depicting the figures' heat-maps and tables.
Two leading indica rice cultivars, Chaitanya and BPT5204, obtained from the Directorate of Rice Research (DRR), Hyderabad, were employed for genetic transformation.
Several types of pretreatments, such as mechanical, physical, thermal, chemical and combinations of these, have been employed for biomass transformation, aiming at removing hemicellulose, reducing cellulose crystallinity and increasing the porosity and the surface area of the material [ 5].
SW106 cells were maintained at 32°C and used as the host for DNA assembly and integration and DH5α cells were employed for other transformations.
