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However, the work in [28], employs erasure codes with fixed rate while we employ rate adaptive erasure coding in which the number of encoded packets required over each hop depends on the perceived packet error rate (PER) over the hop.
The secondary transmitter is assumed to employ rate splitting by dividing its signal into two parts: one part is decodable by the secondary receiver and treated as noise by the primary receiver, whereas the other part is decodable at both receivers.
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Although Europe's central bankers have remained aloof compared with their counterparts in Britain and the United States, refusing to employ rate-slashing tactics to curb a recession, it will be hard to avoid the need for action in January.
We employed rate effects to study low temperature deformation mechanisms using nanoindentation creep and load relaxation.
Figure 1 shows the employed rate function including the Shannon reference with and without considering the LTE overhead.
In (1), M bits must be sent for each subcarrier to identify the employed rate in the current L OFDM symbols.
Fig. 8 Absolute and relative throughput of LTE uplink transmission over 4×4 VehA channels of 1.4-MHz bandwidth employing rate adaptation.
Through these overall optimal truncation points, the proposed strategy is able to allocate quality layers without employing rate-distortion optimization techniques, to self-determine the density and distribution of quality layers, and to reduce the computational load of the encoder.
The patient survey of 26 questions (many employing rating scales) sought information on patients' estimate and rating of the risk of AF relative to other diseases.
However, SAIM avoids the full complexity of neurophysiological processes, e.g. the dynamics of different neurotransmitters and employs rate-coded neuron models.
In general, we used estimates of absenteeism among women remaining employed, rates of women leaving work entirely, and medical care costs to employers for the six months following a new breast cancer diagnosis.
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