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These findings are compared in detail with related relations involving the Miedema empirical electron density at the boundary of the Wigner Seitz cell.
Deviations from it can be due to inadequacies of the empirical electron density model, or simply reflect the fact that any model can only represent average conditions.
Simultaneous ranging data to Cassini also contributes to the growing body of empirical electron density models by providing electron density data at solar maximum at varying latitudes including over the poles.
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An empirical topside electron density model for calculation of absolute ion densities in IRI.
An empirical model of electron density (Ne) was constructed by using the data obtained with an impedance probe on board Japanese Hinotori satellite.
An empirical model of the electron density in the topside ionosphere for solar maximum and minimum is introduced.
Regular features of the polar ionosphere have been studied using its local empirical model of the electron density distribution in the bottomside ionosphere.
Six years of the hand-scaled ionospheric characteristics from December 2002 to December 2008 were used to build a local empirical model of ionospheric electron density (LEMI) for Irkutsk.
Carpenter and Anderson (1992) developed an empirical model of equatorial electron density in the range of 2.25 < L < 8 from sweep frequency receiver (SFR) radio measurements by International Sun Earth Explorer ISEEE) 1 satellite.
Since 2009, an empirical and global ionospheric electron density (Ne) model, the TaiWan Ionospheric Model (TWIM), has been proposed (Tsai et al. 2009), which exhibits vertical-fitted α-Chapman-type layers with distinct F2, F1, E, and D layers and surface spherical harmonic approaches for the fitted layer parameters, including peak density, peak height, and scale height.
Data from routine ionospheric observations at Irkutsk, Russia using a DPS-4 Digisonde sounder were used to derive a local empirical model of the electron density that provides a comprehensive description of the diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity variations of the major ionospheric characteristics.
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