Sentence examples for empirical characteristic from inspiring English sources

The test statistics involve empirical characteristic functions resulting from estimation of the mixed effects.

In this paper, to test goodness of fit to any fixed distribution of errors in multivariate linear models, we consider a weighted integral of the squared modulus of the difference between the empirical characteristic function of the residuals and the characteristic function under the null hypothesis.

These empirical characteristics were extracted from measurements taken in the city of London, on frequencies between 168 and 900 MHz.

Then, based on those empirical characteristics, a stochastic observation model was structured that considered the satellite clock interpolation errors.

With the rise of more quantitative comparative studies on integration policies, a series of measurements have been proposed to capture their empirical characteristics on different policy dimensions (see Goodman, 2015; Helbling, 2016).

We will enhance conceptual clarity by identifying seven constitutive empirical characteristics of competing demands: these consist of the existence of dyadic relations, contradiction, interrelatedness, complementarity, compatibility, simultaneity, and the existence of push-pull forces.

It is shown that a 2-state HOHMM-based model best captures the empirical characteristics of the temperature data under examination on the basis of various error-based and information-criterion metrics.

First, the systematic error of each satellite in the IGR clock product was extracted using a wavelet de-noising method to obtain the empirical characteristics of atomic clock noise within each clock product.

On the other hand, although the exhibiting of genuine purpose and value might constitute persuasive and even compelling evidence of a designer, establishing that the empirical characteristics in question really do betoken genuine purpose and value and not just, say, functionality seems to many to be difficult if not impossible.

Aftershock rate can be expressed in parametric form using well-known empirical characteristics of aftershocks—(a) the rate of aftershock activity triggered by an earthquake decays according to the Omori-Utsu law (Utsu et al. 1995) and (b) the total number of aftershocks triggered by an earthquake depends exponentially on its magnitude.

In the new processing scheme, we employed un-differenced raw observations with atmospheric delays as parameters, which are properly constrained by real-time derived global ionospheric model or regional atmospheric corrections and by the empirical characteristics of the atmospheric delay variation in time and space.