While not overtly creationist in language, the disclaimer is likely to intimidate teachers, confuse students, and cause the omission and/or de-emphasis of evolution in life science coursework (Goldston and Kyzer [2009]).
An incremental finite element (FE) wear model based on the Archard wear equation has been used to simulate the coating wear process, with particular emphasis on evolution of the contact geometry for the W-DLC layer.
Despite the lack of a large research base on intervention effects on evolutionary acceptance, research has shown that beliefs are an important predictor of instructional emphasis on evolution (e.g., Berkman and Plutzer 2011; Moore 2007, 2008; Nehm and Schonfeld 2007).
A more detailed review and coding of actual curricular materials, rather than potentially subjective reports, would deepen understanding of the curricular emphasis on evolution in North American medical schools.
Why do commonplace undergraduate labs utilize a "march through the phyla" format without much of an emphasis on evolution-based integration of concepts and evidence-based science reasoning?
Demographic data requested from teacher participants included gender, terminal degree, bachelor's degree major, years of teaching experience, college education emphasis on evolution, hours dedicated to teaching evolution, and self-rating of evolution knowledge (Table 1).
Emphasis on evolution shows the progressive changes, modifications, and developments of physiological systems from simple to complex animals.
He also described the persistent efforts needed to keep an emphasis on evolution as pressures from the marketplace can dilute the treatment of evolution in textbooks.
Teacher variables included terminal degree, bachelor's degree major, years of teaching experience, college emphasis placed on evolution, evolution knowledge rating, and number of hours dedicated to teaching evolution in the Biology I course.
When introducing evolution in introductory courses, educators should start with examples that are familiar, compelling, motivating, and relevant to students' lives, eventually leading up to an emphasis on the study of evolution as an experimental science.
