The obtained results were particularly useful for multi-level governments in providing information to identify the carbon intensity reduction target, conducting emission reduction assignments among provinces and departments, as well as supporting relevant policy-making.
Through application of a series of linked dynamic models of traffic simulation and assignment, vehicle emission, and pollutant dispersion, the environmental equity implications of a series of urban transport strategies, including road user cordon and distance-based charging, road network development, and emission control are assessed.
For this purpose, a travel demand model linked with models for traffic assignment, emissions, and air quality was used to simulate population exposure to ambient Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in a base year (2008) and in a horizon year (2031) while incorporating population and demographic projections.
The exploitation of fluorescence techniques for the characterization of aromatic pollutants formed in combustion processes needs a reliable interpretation for the assignment of fluorescence emission to specific products.
The UV visible absorption and emission spectral analysis corroborated the assignment of lighter and of heavier fractions of DCM-extract and NMP-extract to PAH and to polymeric aromatic structures, respectively.
The assignment of actual emission factors for drained organic soils11, classified by climate and land use, to the overall peatland area is considered a vulnerability indicator and illustrates that potential hot spots for GHG emissions are mostly located in the tropics (Fig. 1).
On the basis of relevant train-scheduling models for train operation management, in this paper we introduce an extended multi-objective train-scheduling optimization model considering locomotive assignment and segment emission constraints for energy saving.
Assignment levels of oxygen emission are not precise and different methods can give different results.
The results show that the proposed model can reduce the energy consumption, meet exhausts emission demands effectively by optimal locomotive assignment, and its solution methodology is effective.
The assignment of this visible emission to the presence of hydroxyl groups is in agreement with a previous report on visible luminescence in ZnO nanocrystals [30].
