The 20th century saw, for example, the emergence of pandemic 'flu in 1918 , 1957and 1968 (with a limited H1N1 re-emergent outbreak in 1977) [8], avian 'flu [9] and the rise of HIV in the 1980's [10], [11].
Similar re-emergent outbreaks and incidence have been recorded in other countries.
Having been tested for both SARS and MERS-CoV, the platform has potential as a rapid response vaccine approach for future emergent CoV outbreaks.
Personalized anti-infective therapies and surveillance of emergent pathogen outbreaks are just two examples of the potential benefits of merging the fields of genomics and infectious diseases.
Despite these caveats, the success of the RBD-based approach has important implications for both MERS treatment as well as for rapid vaccine development platforms for future emergent CoV outbreaks.
It will be insightful to assess whether these SNPs would lead to a loss of TLR3 function in larger patient cohorts, including the emergent CHIKV outbreaks in the Caribbean islands (Leparc-Goffart et al, 2014).
We studied the risk factors for acquiring tularemia in Sweden, as well as the prevalence of the risk factors in the disease-endemic and the new, "emergent" areas during the outbreak of 2000.
Developed as an emergent response to the SARS outbreak in Taiwan, these interventions were rapidly implemented, leaving little time available to develop hotline data-collection instruments, train hotline staff, or prospectively plan for intervention evaluation.
As an emergent response to the polio outbreak in 1999, Iraqi Ministry of Health with the assistance of WHO and UNICEF, conducted two rounds of eminently successful vaccinations of eligible population through National Immunization Days (NIDs) in October and November 1999 [ 5].
When an outbreak of an emergent disease or an environmental disaster occurs, public health officials and researchers are expected to set up in real time the best possible epidemiological investigations to understand what happens, what the health consequences of the event are and how to mitigate them as quickly as possible (1).
Increasing the frequency from monthly to weekly, and reducing the delay between the end of each reporting period and the release of the corresponding data, would enable earlier detection of emergent phenomena, such as localised outbreaks of food-borne disease or seasonal influenza epidemics.
