7 – To account for the biological variability observed in the data, both the initiation and emergence thresholds (IT and ET) were submitted to random (Gaussian) fluctuations.
Nebulized delivery (blue panel, right top corner), implementing an optimized technique (detailed in Table 3) results in higher pulmonary concentrations that are above the resistance emergence prevention threshold, thus reducing the likelihood of resistant strain selection.
To measure Bem1-GFP intensity at the patch relative to whole cell fluorescence before bud emergence, a threshold was set to determine both total patch and cell fluorescence for each cell and quantified using Volocity.
Concepts of crack closure, shielding and closure-induced shielding have been introduced, leading to the emergence of dual-parameter threshold models.
Here, the maximum limit corresponds to the threshold of emergence of nonlinear site response effects (e.g., Beresnev and Wen 1996), and the minimum limit corresponds to about 10× the average amplitude of the ambient background noise.
Future hypotheses should explore the positive relationship between STEM group size and STEM density as it relates to the emergence of a critical threshold group size range for attrition and age.
However, their most striking phenotype is a dramatic increase in neural inertia, due to a profoundly altered threshold for emergence (Figure 5A).
We summed thermal units over successive days until we reached an empirically estimated threshold for emergence (889 units; Wedemeyer 2001).
Furthermore, the reduction in fluoroquinolone use was important since these antibiotics have been associated with a low threshold for emergence of resistance as well as an increased risk of development of Clostridium difficile infection [ 22, 23].
Below, we study the emergence of an error-threshold due to the lethality of mutants and the delocalization of population in more detail.
