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We have previously demonstrated that overexpression of Pim-1 in human prostate and breast epithelial cells results in the gradual emergence of polyploidy [18], [19].
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They were able to identify or confirm two dozen examples of polyploidy in these species.
Before induction of polyploidy, the chromosome number was determined in root tips of germinated seeds.
To evaluate the impact on the rates of clinical pregnancy and live birth of polyploidy after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
In micro-propagation, the induction of polyploidy has been developed to circumvent the hybrid incompatibility (Sattler et al. 2016).
Two types of polyploidy have been recognized based on the chromosome constitution of the individuals, allopolyploidy and autopolyploidy.
Stomatal lengths and widths have been widely used as an indicator of polyploidy (Lin et al. 2011).
Both ICSI and IVF embryos showed higher rates of polyploidy, and hence chromosomally abnormal embryos, in comparison to ICSI-HABS embryos.
However, by looking at the history of polyploidy in plant families, he argued that polyploidy was only common in herbaceous perennials and infrequent in woody plants and annuals.
The absence of polyploidy in Chamaecrista is what eliminates any necessary correspondence between nodulation and polyploidy in legumes.
Moreover, because there has not been an independent instance of polyploidy in the Chamaecrista lineage there is no necessary connection between polyploidy and nodulation in legumes.
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