Sentence examples for embryo malformations from inspiring English sources

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of 3D image data will provide the most reliable way to phenotype embryo malformations.

Ji et al. (2013) studied BPS exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and found decreases in gonad weight, alterations in plasma estrogen and testosterone, and disrupted reproduction (i.e., decreased egg production and hatchability, increased time to hatch, increased embryo malformations).

Although one study reported no alterations in embryonic growth and no major malformations during mouse embryogenesis, it is noteworthy that the metformin analog phenformin, an AMPK activator that is more potent than metformin, remarkably produced embryolethality and embryo malformations, including neural tube closure defectsand craniofacial hypoplasia [ 44].

The HMF also markedly disturbs development processes, evidenced by delayed embryonic and nymphal development in planthoppers (Wan et al. 2014), increased embryo malformation in newt (Asashima and Shimada 1991) and Xenopus (Mo et al. 2012b), as well as inhibited early embryogenesis in mice (Fesenko et al. 2010).

3. Proper epidermis formation in early embryonic stages might be a prerequisite to avoid embryo malformation.

Defective closure of lines of junction in the embryo produces malformations such as cleft palate, in which the ventral laminae of the palate have failed to fuse, and cleft lip, in which the median nasal and maxillary processes fail to unite.

Embryos with malformations from diabetic mice and normal embryos from non-diabetic mice were used as the experimental and control groups, respectively.

These changes in the oocyte may be manifested later as developmental abnormalities in preimplantation embryos, congenital malformations, and even metabolic disease in the offspring [8], [9].

Data are represented in contingency table indicating the percentage of embryos presenting malformations.

Overexpression of Fz4-v1 in Xenopus embryos caused malformations such as shortened body axes and spina bifida, indicating that β-catenin-independent Wnt signalling was perturbed.

Cranial NC ablated chick embryos displayed malformations of head structures, shortened OFT and abnormal cardiac looping (Fig. 7M O) resembling the Flk1 cKO mouse mutants.