The acquired information may facilitate attempts to elucidate response mechanisms of this species to chilling stress and will help in the development of strategies for improving of freezing tolerance in trees.
Gene expression profiling to elucidate response to stressors, based on both targeted gene 'biomarker' approach (e.g. qRT-PCR of biomarkers known to associate with disease, stress, environmental adaptation; Elder et al. 2008 ) and genome-based approaches [e.g., microarrays assessing the activity of 10s of thousands of genes or NGS of RNA transcripts (RNA-Seq) (Salem et al. 2012 )].
However, it is a well-known limitation of focus groups that surveyors asking questions may indirectly elucidate responses already programmed through a society's own belief system and systems of hierarchy (Maxwell) [24].
This may help elucidate responses to the obesogenic environment these cells inhabit.
Therefore, the aim of the present study is to elucidate responses of the crucian carp sinoatrial preparations to sympathetic and parasympathetic agonists in fish acclimatized to winter and summer conditions.
The experiment elucidated responses to hypothetical management plans designed to produce distinctly different outcomes.
Furthermore, it elucidates responses from a survey of major workflow systems, which provides evidence of substantial progress and a structured index of related papers.
Third, given that abortion is legally restrictive within the context of Nigeria, the use of indirect questioning techniques would have been more appropriate in elucidating responses to the question on pregnancy termination.
For example, a highly time-resolved expression profiling series through asexual blood stages of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, using spotted oligonucleotide arrays, revealed a transcriptional program tightly coupled to the cell cycle [ 3], and further studies have elucidated responses to a variety of drug treatment regimens [ 4, 5].
These profiles indicate that cells with mtDNA alterations have distinct biochemical properties that make them well-suited for elucidating responses to physiological perturbations, such as changes in oxygen and glucose levels, and testing the effects of specialized classes of chemotherapeutic agents.
In order to elucidate this response, we further characterized the expression profiles of genes that showed a shared environmental response but little (E-ambigous) or no (E-only) genotypic difference, which we refer to as E genes.
