Our group could, for instance, elucidate an involvement of disturbed Wnt signalling, which is crucial for epithelial proliferation but also Paneth cell antimicrobial function, in chronic small intestinal inflammation (Koslowski et al, 2012; Wehkamp et al, 2007).
Tractable models of many human cancers now exist in which the initiating genetic lesions have been elucidated and, in some instances, where the cooperating lesions are also known.
Since a variety of Daphnia species are used for different scientific approaches, for instance to elucidate the phenomenon of phenotypic plasticity in daphniids [ 47] at least 20 species have been investigated intensively, it is essential to know the reliability of the Daphnia pulex genome sequence for studies on other species.
Accordingly, within a single spectrum whole-cell mass spectrometry would capture generic activation patterns as well as activation event specific from distinct signalling pathways which remain to be elucidated using for instance, top-down proteomic approaches [ 39].
These technologies have been used to define the underlying biology of CLL (for instance, elucidating the cell of origin of this lymphoid malignancy [ 6]), as well as to explore clinical questions (such as how to predict clinical outcome in a highly variable disease on the basis of molecular indicators [ 7]).
However, this undercuts the motivation for appealing to information theory to elucidate genes in the first instance.
While several pathogens, including Shigella, Neisseria, Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Staphylococcus, Listeria, Helicobacter, Escherichia, and Coxiella, require Src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin for host cell invasion, the mechanism of cortactin activation has only been partially elucidated or is, in most instances, not known [ 1- 8].
Another case may elucidate.
Given the physiological and genetic complexities associated with Streptomyces, it is quite conceivable that numerous other such instances have simply not been elucidated yet.
In such instances the qualitative interviews help to elucidate the organizational change process that occurred, as well as help to identify any remaining cultural, structural, or organizational barriers (including stigma about drug abuse treatment) that may have persisted.
