Physical elimination of a parental genome-specific repeated DNA occurred in wheat in amphiploids in early generations.
Significantly, other allopolyploids, including wheat [ 49, 64] and Brassica [ 61], also show biased elimination of one parental genome over the other.
Nuclear loss in Tetrahymena, whether the programmed elimination of the parental macronucleus or the colchicine-induced micronuclear elimination reported here, may be a useful model for future research on nuclear degradation in living cells in general.
Previous work from this laboratory and others indicated that an apoptosis-like process regulates the developmentally programmed elimination of the parental macronucleus during conjugation, and that its resorption is under control of autophagy (Mpoke and Wolfe, 1996; Lu and Wolfe, 2001; Ejercito and Wolfe, 2003; Endoh and Kobayashi, 2006; Akematsu and Endoh, 2010; Liu and Yao, 2012).
The process of allopolyploidization can lead to activation of retrotransposons; elimination and rearrangements of parental chromosomes [ 86, 87], DNA sequence losses, apparently from the largest parental genome [ 66, 88] and from highly repetitive sequence regions [ 89].
In most cases, the loss of DNA in allopolyploids is unidirectional, with the elimination of fragments from one parental genome only [ 35]; incidentally, if applied to Clonopsis parthenogens, this would explain why AFLP markers have lost most (but not all) traces of the hybridizations leading to C. gallica and C. soumiae strains.
Introducing shRNA-910 led to virtual elimination of NHERF1 expression in MCF7 cells, in comparison with that of parental cells and Babe control.
Minicircle vectors allow for sustained expression of a reporter as a result of the elimination of the bacterial sequences from the parental plasmid that interfere with expression.
The descriptive item analysis, the CFA process and the evaluation of global goodness-of-fit indices led to the elimination of three scales: FR_2 "poor family management", FR_4 "parental attitudes favorable to drug use", and FR_5 "parental attitudes favorable to antisocial behavior".
