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Without loss of generality, we neglect the elevation dimension in the coordinate [4].
Thus, by taking into account the elevation dimension, the simulation run time more than triples.
Our results allow to quantify the increase in complexity, when accounting for the elevation dimension.
The phase and amplitude controls in the elevation dimension allow for the formation and steering of all beams.
The main difference is that the WINNER model is a 2D model, i.e., it does not incorporate the elevation dimension.
Specifically, we focus on the array apertures in the range direction that allow for spatial processing in the elevation dimension.
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The full-scale beam elevation dimensions are shown in Fig. 7.
Open image in new window Fig. 7 Full-scale beam elevation dimensions.
We adopt a three-dimensional channel model by considering both the azimuth and elevation dimensions under single-path propagation.
It is a 3D geometric stochastic model, describing the scattering environment between eNodeB sector and UE in both azimuth and elevation dimensions.
We assume a URA configuration at the BS since it can perform 3D beamforming by employing both the azimuth and elevation dimensions.1 In the far-field regime, the steering vector for the URA configuration is represented by [32] begin{array}{l} {mathbf{v}_{k}}left({{theta_{k}},{phi_{k}}}right) = {mathbf{v}_{{N_{x}}}} otimes {mathbf{v}_{N_{y}}}, end{array} (4).
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