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Metabolic syndrome is a pathologic condition characterized by elevated waist circumference (WC), elevated triglyceride level, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting glucose level [ 1].
Study the proportion of patients with elevated waist index (WI) who have previously undiagnosed metabolic syndrome (MS).
Ford and colleagues found an increasing prevalence of elevated waist circumference, even in the absence of a rising prevalence of elevated BMI.
In our previous study, the rs439401 TT-genotype was associated with elevated waist circumference, insulin, and triglyceride levels and decreased HDL-cholesterol level among chronic stressed men and women compared with carriers of the rs439401 C-allele.
Only the minor allele of the SLC30A8 SNP rs13266634 significantly correlated with elevated waist circumference (p = 0.0366) and showed a trend towards a correlation with higher BMI (P = 0.0507) pointing to an association with abdominal adiposity (Table 2).
These criteria include an elevated waist circumference, triglycerides, blood pressure, fasting glucose and reduced HDL cholesterol.
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Elevated waist-hip ratio was associated with increased risk of luminal A in postmenopausal women, and increased risk of basal-like breast cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women.
Elevated waist-to-hip circumference ratios are also associated with stress-related mood disorders such as anxiety and depression [ 57].
All combinations with lower risk estimates include - as in PROCAM - elevated waist-circumference and blood glucose and are more frequent in the older men.
In both men and women the combination with elevated waist-circumference, blood pressure and glucose (WC-BP-GL) was the most frequent combination (28%), however a distinct unequal distribution was observed regarding age and sex.
In contrast, associations between obesity and TNBC have been reported for patients not using hormone replacement therapy [ 31], and an elevated waist-hip ratio was associated with increased risk of basal-like breast cancers [ 32].
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