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There was an association between elevated traffic pollution exposure during pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders.
Second, effects of traffic in the worksite were the opposite of those seen in public access settings; increased traffic was associated with reduced stair use whereas elevated traffic consistently increases stair climbing in public access settings [ 23- 25].
Conversely, walkable neighborhoods may exhibit reduced per-capita vehicle use and emissions (Frank and Engelke 2005; Frank et al. 2000, 2006) yet elevated traffic congestion, emissions, and concentrations if activities are highly concentrated.
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In a study in a nearby town in greater Boston, Massachusetts, concentrations of fine particulate matter and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were higher on bus routes, particularly on streets with elevated bus traffic (Levy et al. 2001).
Previous studies conducted in the PdN region report elevated traffic-related and non traffic-related pollutanon traffic-relatede.g., Li et al. 2001).
There is limited access to the freeway: two single-lane ramps rise to the inner lanes of the elevated structure, requiring traffic to enter or exit from the left providing access at the Marion Section (southbound entrance and northbound exit only) of Jersey City and South Kearny (northbound entrance and southound exit only).
In line with this, case control studies have demonstrated that presence of psychoactive substances in drivers is associated with an elevated risk of traffic injuries [ 7- 10].
Results from clinical, epidemiologic, and animal studies together suggest that both short-term and long-term exposure to elevated levels of traffic have adverse effects on pulmonary and cardiovascular systems (Brook 2005; Brugge et al. 2007).
Our findings suggest that long-term exposure to elevated levels of traffic may also increase the occurrence of AMI, although these observations must be considered in light of the study limitations.
Children with Ile105Val/Val105Val genotypes were at increased risk of sensitization to any allergen when exposed to elevated levels of traffic NOx (for a difference between the 5th and 95th percentile of exposure: odds ratio = 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.0 5.3).
More elevated and slower traffic flows characterized site 3, close to the entrance of the university complex, and to a greater extent, sites 4 and 5, located before a traffic light on a large road and in proximity to a tunnel, respectively.
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