The roof panel was modeled using thin shell elements while the supporting purlins were simulated using beam elements.
The two intermediate structures are unique among the crystal structures of all the metallic elements, while the fcc and hcp structures are quite common.
The complex immersed surfaces are represented by grids consisting of unstructured triangular elements; while the flow is computed on non-uniform Cartesian grids.
Within DEM, the bricks were modelled as continuum rigid elements while the joints were modelled by line interface elements represented by the Mohr-Coulomb law.
TFIIIC specifically interacts with highly conserved, intragenic promoter elements, while the contacts between TFIIIB and the upstream DNA have long been considered as largely non-specific.
To obtain its accurate dynamic response, the car body is modeled with finite elements, while the bogie frames and wheel-sets are idealized as rigid bodies.
One version of the PPNT incorporated narrative and goal-directed game-like elements, while the control version was presented in a traditional format.
The tunnel structure and the track are modelled using solid and beam finite elements while the ground is modelled using boundary elements.
The split hexahedral elements around the inclusion-matrix interfaces correspond to polyhedral elements, while the background hexahedral elements remain inside the inclusions and matrices.
In the second procedure, length changes are assigned only to a minimum number of control elements, while the remaining length changes are determined by imposing a sufficient and minimal number of constraints.
The foundation and frame columns and beams are modeled as flexural beam elements, while the possibility of sliding and detachment (separation) between the foundation and the underlying soil is considered through the use of special frictional gap elements.
