As the prepared images did not yield information about more than three elements in recognizing the hot-spots, after standardization of single-component images, the elements were categorized into two groups based on their correlation level.
Subsequently, full-length elements were categorized into families by their sequence similarity [ 3], and the copies of each family were obtained by combining all the copies of its full-length members.
Once the transposable elements were categorized into repeat classes, we examined nrpe-directed suppression using small RNA-generating repeats grouped by a repeat length in a 500 bp increment (Figs. 4D and S3 ).
Alu elements are categorized into two groups: monomers and dimers.
Identified elements are categorized into two grades, each with an empirical filter threshold.
For the circling element analysis, males were categorized into three states: (1) those that moved to the head-to-head position, (2) those that moved only to the side of the female, or (3) no circling.
Furthermore, via self-BlastN analysis we identified 103 novel repetitive element families which were categorized into four groups, i.e., 33 WSSV-like repeats, 14 retrotransposons, 5 gene-like repeats, and 51 unannotated repeats.
Of particular interest in the k-means clustering were the results for dive descent where behavior spectra were categorized into several elements sequentially (elements 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 10).
Small RNAs from hotspots of seedling and grain libraries were categorized into repetitive elements, miRNAs, miRNA targets, sparse hotspots, phased hotspots such as ta-siRNAs, and disperse hotspots (Figure 3a).
The identified repetitive sequences were categorized into three types: (i) a genetic element which we named ' O. tsutsugamushi amplified genetic element' (OtAGE), (ii) transposable elements, and (iii) others (Table 1).
The elements of teaching and learning professionalism identified by the students were categorized into the formal, informal and hidden curriculum.
