Because ANSYS does not support reinforced concrete shell elements, the solid element is used to represent a condition that would behave similarly to the plane stress case.
Subcellular elements have a linear dimension of typically about 1 micron (if 128 elements are used to represent the cross-section of a cell), and so are significantly more coarse-grained than protein complexes responsible for binding cells together in an epithelium, the existence of which unambiguously defines the cells in question as neighbors.
In this paper, four-node tetrahedral elements were used to represent the rock matrix in a 3D space, while the discrete fractures are represented by triangle elements in a 2D space.
Nonlinear vertical and diagonal truss elements are used to represent the reinforcement and the concrete.
In many cases, the spectra deviate significantly from the conventional Warburg-type elements typically used to represent diffusion in equivalent circuit analysis.
The deformed shape was obtained using a commercial software package SeismoStruct (2016), in which inelastic fiber elements were used to represent the flexural and axial response of the wall and coupling beams, while linear elastic resistance to shear was modeled.
Traditional theory of elastic foundation model is used for tube to tubesheet interaction in model I. Pipe elements are used to represent actual interaction between tube and tubesheet in model II.
In order to investigate more precisely the effect of material damping on the non-linear free vibration of moving belts, the standard linear solid model containing three elements is used to represent the belt material property.
In the proposed model, elastic beam column elements are used to represent the CFT boundary columns, double-skin steel plates, horizontal rebar, and diagonal concrete struts in the wall.
A matrix of m×n elements is used to represent each residue in a training dataset, where n denotes the window size and m = 21, which elements comprise 20 amino acids and one terminal signal.
