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SAP2000 and OpenSees programmers offer more opportunities for the selection of material models, elements and solution algorithms for nonlinear analysis, depending on the type of material, designing of structural elements, cross section and type of analysis.
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The element cross section and the wall material are fixed, while the shape of the fluid flow opening, or the wetted perimeter is free to vary.
The element developed in this study relaxes the assumption of planar cross section; thereby allowing for including the effect of warping as well as for different stretch values at different points on the element cross section.
This technique is based on the execution of holes drilled through the element cross section, in which steel or fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars are inserted and bonded to the surrounding concrete with an epoxy adhesive.
Two element cross sections are considered, square and equilateral triangular.
Taylor- and Lagrange-type polynomials were used to interpolate the displacement field over the element cross-section.
Time-varying area moments of inertia at the cracked element cross-section of a cracked rotor have been used to formulate the time-periodic finite element stiffness matrix.
As a result, the correct time-varying area moments of inertia for the cracked element cross-section during shaft rotation are also determined.
We show that by shaping the cell element cross-sections, the lattice material buckling resistance can increase until it equals the cell element yield strength, thereby exploiting fully the lattice material strength.
CW models employ Lagrange-type polynomials to interpolate the kinematic field over the element cross-sections of the beams and efficiently handle the analysis of multi-component structures such as RVE.
Therefore, the aim of the research was the analysis of properties of an index of shape – a compactness index CMP = (16 area)/perimeter2 – of pore ("pore c-s") and solid phase element cross-sections ("solid c-s") ≥ 100 pix2 (0.045 mm2) of 4 soils.
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