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The cores considered have uniform fuel composition and no blanket elements and solid reflectors.
The finite element models of those generally used are in two categories: beam elements and solid elements.
Finite element method (FEM) was used for the analysis of vibration characteristics associated with the interaction between the fluids and piezoelectric-solid elements paired with (1) acoustic elements only or (2) acoustic elements and solid elements with viscoelastic properties.
Several types of finite element models for these spiral structures using laminated plate elements, beam elements and solid elements with contact were then developed and compared at a range of angles.
Was also observed a low wear rate exhibited by the Al/Al2O3/Gr hybrid composites due to presence of Al2O3 and Gr which they acted as load bearing elements and solid lubricant respectively.
Based on ANSYS software, mixed elements combining beam elements and solid elements are adopted to establish the finite element (FE) models of cracked cantilever beams where the crack levels are evaluated by introducing the area damage factor, i.e., the ratio of the damage area to the cross-sectional area.
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While the nominal stress is derived by theory of structural mechanics, the determination of structural and notch stresses is performed using 3D finite element models and solid elements.
Rigid connections between beam elements and 3D solid elements are ensured using specific FEA beam elements referred to as mini-beams.
Both problems are analyzed using the proposed method and FE models based on generalized beam elements, composite shell elements and 3D solid elements for different end support conditions and heights.
Vibration frequencies predicted from the proposed reference-plane formulation were shown to agree well with the results from FE models based on generalized beam elements, composite shell elements, and 3D solid elements.
In order to verify the proposed formulation, we considered FE modelling of beams based on generalized beam elements, composite shell elements and 3D solid elements that are able to accurately capture the effect of end support height position on vibration frequencies.
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