Sentence examples for elements and regulate from inspiring English sources

This chapter describes approaches and strategies for using minigenes to define the cis-acting elements that determine splice site usage and to identify and characterize the trans-acting factors that bind to these elements and regulate alternative splicing.

Since the Tcf21 promoter harbors three SRY binding sites in the −2 Kb promoter region, it was hypothesized that SRY may bind these response elements and regulate the activity of the core promoter.

The large majority of piRNAs (Piwi complexes) and to a much less extent some endo siRNAs (Ago2 complexes) are derived from transposable elements and regulate their silencing in different compartments [16], [17], [22] [24].

These proteins are bound to the auxin response elements and regulate auxin-mediated transcriptional activation/repression.

Orphan receptors, such as SF-1, bind their response elements and regulate transcription constitutively, but ligand-binding may enhance their activity.

For example, the six members of the Puf protein family bind to specific-sequence 3′ UTR elements and regulate ∼10% of the yeast transcriptome (Olivas and Parker 2000; Gerber et al. 2004; Yosefzon et al. 2011).

TRANSCRIPTION initiation by mammalian RNA polymerase II is effected by multiple common factors1,2interacting through minimal promoter elements and regulated by gene-specific factors3 interacting with distal control elements.

These data is consistent with the splicing pattern observed in Figure 2. To elucidate the complex relationships between predicted cis-acting elements in regulating the splicing patterns across multiple tissues, a bipartite network is constructed where predicted elements and regulated tissues are considered two types of nodes.

Thijssen et al. (2007) report that Cd exposure may trigger a biphasic defense response in the kidney, and could lead to adaptation and survival [ 55] maybe by induction of Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), this transcription factor binds to antioxidant response elements and regulates the expression of antioxidant genes [ 56].

One limitation of these interactome and transcriptome studies of p300/CBP is that cryptic protein partners, DNA elements, and regulated genes might be missing from the lists, if certain signaling pathways need to be activated before p300/CBP can engage in a specific binding partnership, recruitment, or transcriptional event.

With hypoxia, the stabilized HIF-α and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT, also known as HIF-β) heterodimer bind to hypoxia response elements (HREs) and regulate expression of target genes.