In order to understand how the human nervous system functions, scientists first had to identify the connecting elements, or pathways, that run between its various parts.
However, even the most sophisticated and comprehensive models picturing these complexities generally do not offer more than suggestions of possible elements or pathways.
Controller elements are inherited from PhysicalEntity or Pathway, whereas Controlled elements are also Interaction elements.
Equally, little is known about the emerging relationship between resistance to conventional therapies (for example, endocrine therapies) and metastasis [ 61] or the degree of redundancy of invasive elements or angiogenic pathways that may contribute to therapeutic resistance to anti-invasive and anti-angiogenic approaches.
Together, these results suggest that survival and maintenance of DSR competence in quiescent HSCs depend on their continuous exposure to different external factors that act via pathways (or pathway elements) that may not even require, nor involve, entry into the cell cycle.
Similarly, activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element pathway is neuroprotective after spinal cord injury [ 103].
The functionality to enrich annotated SVG elements in pathway or genome maps is encapsulated in the Element class.
Miao, W., Hu, L., Scrivens, P. J. & Batist, G. Transcriptional regulation of NF-E2 p45-related factor (NRF2) expression by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-xenobiotic response element signaling pathway: direct cross-talk between Phase I and II drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Miao, W., Hu, L., Scrivens, P. J. & Batist, G. Transcriptional regulation of NF-E2 p45-related factor (NRF2) expression by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-xenobiotic response element signaling pathway: direct cross-talk between phase I and II drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Ulcer protective activity might be mediated through Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway.
