Time-resolved orientation measurements were made in situ through a novel X-ray rheometer coupled with a two-dimensional electronic X-ray camera, and using an intense X-ray source at the LURE synchrotron.
Aluminum Kα X-ray was produced with a Physical Electronic X-ray source, which produce photons with an energy of 1,486.6 eV and natural line width of 0.9 eV.
Based on traditional electronic, X-ray, and optical microscopies, novel tools and methodologies have been developed to monitor batteries in situ or in operando.
To illustrate issues that will be broadly applicable to diagnostics at high energy density facilities, we relate lessons learned during early testing of the high-energy electronic X-ray spectrometer (HENEX), a core-level diagnostic commissioned by the National Ignition Facility.
The as-prepared GO NiFe2O4 samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry at room temperature.
The compositions and structures of the zirconium oxynitride films influenced by air flow rate were investigated by scan electronic spectroscopes, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopes.
Firstly, a comparative characterization was carried out using transmission electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption isotherm and thermogravimetric analysis.
The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was carried out in the ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber (5 × 10−9 Torr) of a Physical Electronic 5600 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer.
The ligand and its metal complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, electronic, ESR, X-ray diffraction and mass spectral, conductivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as thermal analyses.
Microstructure, mechanical and degradation properties of as-cast and homogenizing-annealed quaternary Mg-1.38Si-xSr-yCa (x, y = 0.5 1 wt%) alloys were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, tensile and electrochemical measurement.
