The effect of the acid properties and pore structures of the supports on the HDS performances of Pd catalysts was discussed by considering formation of "electronic-deficient" Pd particles and an "auto-regeneration" mechanism involving spillover hydrogen.
Ni in Ni2P-TPR was more electron deficient than that in Ni2P-PR, probably due to the electronic interaction between Ni and the extra P present in Ni2P-TPR.
The electron deficient carbocation species; and.
We studied the electronic and structural properties of electron-deficient anthraquinone (AQ) derivatives, Me4N4AQ and TCNAQ, and investigated their charge-discharge properties in lithium ion batteries along with those of AQ.
We speculated that a subtle difference in electronic nature of phenols (e.g., strongly electron-deficient phenols gave 3) is crucial for these product formations.
We demonstrate that these transformations are highly governed by the electronic characteristics of the alkyne substituents, wherein the hydride will add preferentially to the more electron-deficient alkyne carbon.
Our results show that, the electronic levels and optical absorption properties can be tuned gradually by introducing auxiliary donor units or electron-deficient spacer in acceptor groups.
These results are likely reflecting the electronic requirements of the oxidative addition step because this step is expected to be faster with electron-deficient aryl electrophiles.
It was proposed that the electronic effects might have a significant influence on the enzymatic aldol condensation reaction of d-mannosamine derivatives, with electron-deficient acyl groups having a negative impact.
8a Chemoselectivities that are due to electronic differences have been explained by a polarized ligand-coupling transition state, in which the developing charges are better stabilized by the substituents when the more electron-deficient group is transferred.
The beneficial effect of electron-deficient substituents in the meta position is nicely underlined by doubly meta substituted substrate 7a, which could be resolved with perfect enantioselectivity.[ 8] To test whether this electronic effect could also be extended to heteroaromatic benzylic analogs, electron-deficient 3-pyridyl derivative 8a was investigated.
