The electronic advisers can only suggest purchases based on each company's inventory, Ms. Nappi said.
Mr. Armstrong sees electronic advisers as a way of bridging the growing gulf between investors who can afford planners like Mr. Howard and the masses.
According to the electronic security adviser to the U.S. Treasury Department, last year profits from global computer crimes exceeded the profits from drug trafficking for the first time ever.
Chester Wisniewski, senior security adviser at the electronic security firm Sophos, said the A.T.M. networks that are run by the major banks are less vulnerable to cyberattackers because they are largely private systems that aren't exposed to the Internet.
"There are three categories of hackers: Russian criminals trying to rob us blind; the Chinese who are trying to steal our secrets; and then there's Anonymous, and a lot of them are like merry pranksters," said Chester Wisniewski, a senior security adviser at the electronic security firm Sophos.
Philip LeRiche is a retired software developer and information security adviser and Ben Skidmore is an electronic engineering student.
Dr. John D. Halamka, another adviser to the Obama administration on electronic health records, says Denmark offers the United States a peek into the future, with some logistical variations.
Its first three pages are largely devoted to analyzing the context of the F.B.I.'s electronic surveillance of Carter Page, a former foreign-policy adviser to Trump.
Even advisers who do not think these electronic services are necessary or even helpful are providing them for fear of seeming too stodgy.
This, says the company, in which early Skype investor Morten Lund is an adviser, puts it on track to bring "directly integrated electronic invoicing" to more than 100,000 small European businesses over the next 6 months.
