Sentence examples for electron multiplication from inspiring English sources
This problem will be addressed by increasing the electron multiplication gain using double THGEM layers.
The CMOS technology enables electron multiplication inside the photodiode itself, and thus, an overlap of the charge integration and multiplication.
This is possible by, for instance, exploiting the secondary electron multiplication and limiting the energy of the steamers by distributed resistivity.
Electron multiplication CCDs have been commercially available for a few years but have yet to make a wider impact in the astronomical community.
THGEM generates a strong electric field within microholes of a sub-millimeter thick insulator, which makes electron multiplication possible without the traditional anode wire electrodes.
For recent MCP fabrication, two kinds of nano-thick layers are deposited on the MCP pore surfaces to conduct an electron multiplication function [1, 2].
The proposed detector, depending on the applications, can operate either in a GEM mode (electron multiplications through holes only) or as a hybrid RPC with simultaneous amplifications in the drift region and in the holes.
The photoluminescence from NPs is collected by a home-built confocal microscope and delivered to a 0.75-m-long imaging monochromator coupled with a single-photon sensitive electron-multiplication CCD camera.
However, the MCP works in a highly saturated state under a photon-counting mode, and the electron avalanche multiplication is done within several nanoseconds that is a million times faster than τ [44 46].
High gain, above 5×103, a low excess noise factor close to unity, THz gain-bandwidth product, and fast response in the range of pico-seconds has been achieved by electron-initiated avalanche multiplication for SWIR, MWIR, and LWIR detector applications involving low optical signals.
The reduction, however, was much larger, about 1/300, at a beam current of about 20 mA where the photoelectrons were dominant and the multiplication of electrons by the multipactoring was small.
