General purpose technologies, such as the steam engine, electricity, and information technology, always take several decades to unleash their full potential, because businesses need to learn and organize themselves to best leverage their power.
It has been considered as part of the fourth industrial revolution since the invention of steam engine, electricity, and information technology (Chung and Kim 2016; Schwab 2017).
As part of the fourth industrial revolution since the invention of steam engine, electricity, and information technology, blockchain technology has been applied in many areas such as finance, judiciary, and commerce.
Electricity powers information technology that allows the spread of vital information across the planet.
These blackouts exposed a series of inherent problems underlying the power system of India, such as its generation planning, transmission planning, grid infrastructure, management systems, primary energy resources, environmental constraints, electricity market, and information technology, which together aggravate the massive blackouts.
President Obama has got it right with his "smart grid" project, an electricity network that will use information technology to link the US to renewable sources of energy.
Over the last decade, concerns have been raised about increases in the electricity used by information technologies, other consumer electronic devices, data centres, and to a much lesser degree, Internet distribution networks.
In general, the term smart grid is used to cover a large range of characteristics but all consider the electricity grid and the application of information technology see for example [23].
We are the beneficiaries of two centuries of enormous waves of change: steam engines, railways, the telegraph, electricity, automobiles, aeroplanes, chemical industries, modern medicine, information technology and, more recently, the digital revolution, robotics, biotechnologies and nanotechnologies.
Data systems are difficult to establish in resource-limited settings, due to low computer literacy, unreliable electricity, and competing financial needs that supercede information technology investments.
