The NEMOS® t-VNS device (Cerbomed, Erlangen, Germany) is a transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulator designed for electrical stimulation at the concha of the outer ear, which receives sensory innervation from the auricular branch of the vagal nerve (Fig. 2).
Following deafferentation, movements were consistently evoked by electrical stimulation at the expected depths (Supplementary Fig. 4), as demonstrated before (Fig. 1).
We hypothesized that concurrent mechanical and electrical stimulation at frequencies matching physiological heart rate will result in functional maturation.
Reflexes were evoked in the nerves to the anterior tibial and semitendinosus flexor muscles by electrical stimulation at the toes.
Cryoinjured bladder strips produced significantly lower contractile forces than intact strips to electrical stimulation at higher (10 40 Hz) frequencies.
Most of current concepts for a visual prosthesis are based on neuronal electrical stimulation at different locations along the visual pathways within the central nervous system.
Seeking additional mechanisms of tuning in this organ, we monitored the synaptic output of hair cells by measuring changes in their membrane capacitance during sinusoidal electrical stimulation at various frequencies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recorded isovolumetric bladder pressure and perineal electromyogram in response to intraurethral electrical stimulation at varying amplitudes and frequencies.
After electrical stimulation at 1.0 V for 5, 7.5 and 15 min, the apoptotic rate of MAGIC-5 cells was about 0.1, 2.8 and 61%, respectively.
In a 64-channel EEG study using electrical stimulation at the threshold level, trials perceived as painful were characterized by a lower prestimulus theta connectivity, compared with trials rated as nonpainful [67].
For each migraine attack, patients delivered two 120-s doses of electrical stimulation at 3-min intervals to the right cervical branch of the vagus nerve within 20 min of the onset of mild or moderate pain.
