The states of two qubits residing in a pair of double quantum dots are rendered interdependent through electrical gating.
Specifically, the chemical potential of graphene can be tuned via chemical doping or electrical gating [25, 26].
The electrical properties of graphene can be modified using electrical gates, substrates, and chemical species such as atoms and molecules [13, 14].
By applying electrical gating to the T-shaped GTPS, both electrical length and characteristic impedance of the terahertz waveguide (i.e. T-shaped GTPS) can be fully tuned.
While sufficiently doped, the optical transition of graphene is mainly determined by chemical potential μ (Fermi level E F), which can be controlled by chemical doping or electrical gating.
Here, through a combination of continuous wave (CW) optical illumination and electrical gating, we demonstrate a giant active modulation of terahertz waves in a graphene silicon hybrid metamaterial at extremely low bias voltages.
The laser assisted electron emission has opened a way towards the time resolved electron microscopy [4, 5] because electrical gating and source control enable time resolution down to picoseconds, while using optical control enables creation of electron pulses with duration down to tens of femtoseconds [6].
Our VS-CTFT inverter nicely displays effective photo- and electrical-gating with a high voltage gain, dynamically operating in the low-voltage regime of 3, 5, and 8 V.
To show the full advantage of LTP, an optimized BEOL process has been employed to suppress dopant deactivation and achieve a reduction of electrical inversion gate oxide thickness by 0.1/0.06 nm (PMOS/NMOS), which improves the Ion current by 11/7% (PMOS/NMOS).
He invented the Bradbury-Nielsen shutter, a type of electrical ion gate, widely used in mass spectrometry in both time-of-flight mass spectrometers and ion mobility spectrometers.
